Ibyerekeye umuringa

Umuringani kimwe mu byuma byavumbuwe kandi bigakoreshwa n'abantu, umutuku-umutuku, uburemere bwihariye 8.89, gushonga 1083.4 ℃.Umuringa hamwe nuruvange rwarwo bikoreshwa cyane kubera amashanyarazi meza hamwe nubushuhe bwumuriro, kurwanya ruswa ikomeye, gutunganya byoroshye, imbaraga zingutu nimbaraga zumunaniro, kumwanya wa kabiri nyuma yicyuma na aluminiyumu mugukoresha ibikoresho byibyuma, kandi byabaye ibikoresho byibanze ningamba. ibikoresho mu bukungu bw'igihugu n'imibereho y'abaturage, imishinga yo kurengera igihugu ndetse no mu buhanga buhanitse.Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zamashanyarazi, inganda zimashini, inganda zikora imiti, inganda zigihugu zirinda igihugu nizindi nzego.Ifu nziza yumuringa ni intungamubiri ikozwe mu bucukuzi buke bwo mu muringa bufite amabuye y'agaciro ageze ku gipimo cyiza binyuze mu nzira yo kugenerwa inyungu kandi irashobora gutangwa mu buryo butaziguye ku ruganda rwo gushonga umuringa.

Umuringa ni icyuma kiremereye, aho gishonga ni dogere selisiyusi 1083, aho guteka ni dogere 2310, umuringa wera ni umutuku-umutuku.Icyuma cy'umuringa gifite amashanyarazi meza n'amashanyarazi, kandi amashanyarazi yacyo araza ku mwanya wa kabiri mu byuma byose, bikurikira ifeza.Ubushyuhe bwumuriro buri kumwanya wa gatatu, uwa kabiri kuri feza na zahabu.Umuringa usukuye urashobora kworoha cyane, ubunini bwigitonyanga cyamazi, urashobora gukururwa mumashanyarazi ya metero 2000 z'uburebure, cyangwa ukazunguruka mumashanyarazi hafi yubusa kuruta uburiri.

 

"Umuringa wera wa fosifori yera" ugomba gusobanura "umuringa wa fosifori ufite umwenda wera hejuru"."Isahani yera" na "fosifori y'umuringa" bigomba kumvikana ukundi.

Isahani yera - Ibara ryibara ryigifuniko ni umweru.Ibikoresho byo gusya biratandukanye cyangwa firime ya passivation iratandukanye, ibara ryibara ryigifuniko naryo riratandukanye.Fosifore y'umuringa gutobora ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi ni umweru nta passivation.

 

Umuringa wa fosifore - umuringa urimo fosifore.Umuringa wa Fosifore uroroshye kugurisha kandi ufite elastique nziza, kandi ukunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho byamashanyarazi.

 

Umuringa utukurani umuringa.Irabona izina ryayo uhereye ibara ryijimye.Reba umuringa kubintu bitandukanye.

Umuringa utukura ni umuringa usukuye mu nganda, aho ushonga ni 1083 ° C, nta guhinduka kwa isomerism, kandi ubucucike bwawo ni 8.9, inshuro eshanu za magnesium.Hafi ya 15% kurenza ibyuma bisanzwe.Yazamutse itukura, yijimye nyuma yo gukora firime ya oxyde hejuru, bityo ikaba yitwa umuringa.Numuringa urimo ogisijeni runaka, bityo nanone yitwa umuringa urimo ogisijeni.

Umuringa utukura witiriwe ibara ryumutuku.Ntabwo byanze bikunze umuringa usukuye, kandi rimwe na rimwe umubare muto wibintu bya deoxidisation cyangwa ibindi bintu byongeweho kugirango utezimbere ibikoresho nibikorwa, bityo rero ushyirwa mubikorwa nkumuringa.Ibikoresho byo gutunganya umuringa mu Bushinwa birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bine ukurikije ibigize: umuringa usanzwe (T1, T2, T3, T4), umuringa utagira ogisijeni (TU1, TU2 n’ubuziranenge bwinshi, umuringa udafite umwuka wa ogisijeni), umuringa wa deoxidiside (TUP , TUMn), n'umuringa udasanzwe (umuringa wa arsenic, umuringa wa tellurium, umuringa wa feza) hamwe nibintu bike bivanga.Amashanyarazi nubushyuhe bwumuringa ni uwa kabiri nyuma ya feza, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho bitwara nubushyuhe.Umuringa mu kirere, amazi yo mu nyanja hamwe na acide zimwe na zimwe zidafite okiside (aside hydrochloric, acide acide sulfurike), alkali, igisubizo cyumunyu hamwe na acide zitandukanye za acide (acide acetike, acide citric), ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, zikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti.Byongeye kandi, umuringa ufite gusudira neza kandi urashobora gukorwa mubicuruzwa bitandukanye byarangije igice hamwe nibicuruzwa byarangiye hakoreshejwe ubukonje na thermoplastique.Mu myaka ya za 70, umusaruro wumuringa utukura warenze umusaruro wose w’ibindi bikozwe mu muringa.